ISRO PLANNED TWO MAJOR MISSION

INDAIN SPACE RESEARCH ORGANISATION (ISRO) planned two major mission in 2025, if this mission is completed India will become fourth country to do this after Russia, USA, and China.

  1. Gaganyaan Mission – India’s First Human Spaceflight Program 
  •     Objective of this mission is  to send Indian astronauts (Gagannauts) into space.

  • Crew Size: 3 astronauts (in the final crewed mission)

  • Astronauts is going ~400 km above Earth (Low Earth Orbit )

  • Duration of this mission is  Up to 7 days in space

  • Launch Vehicle: GSLV Mk III (also known as LVM3)

  2.  NISAR – Joint Earth Observation Mission with NASA 
             Its is the joint mission of ISRO and NASA

  • Mission objective is to monitor changes on Earth’s surface, including earthquakes, landslides, glaciers, and sea-level rise, with high precision.

  • Technology: Equipped with dual-frequency SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) — L-band (NASA) and S-band (ISRO) — for all-weather, day-night Earth imaging.

  • Launch from Satish Dhawan Space Centre in India using a GSLV Mk II rocket.

  • Orbit: It will operate in a sun-synchronous polar orbit, covering the entire globe every 12 days.

  • Applications: Useful in disaster management, agriculture monitoring, climate change studies, and resource mapping.

NISAR is the first radar imaging satellite to use two frequencies, making it a game-changer in Earth science and environmental monitoring.

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